The plant is noted for its fragrance, though the composition of its oils is quite variable. The Latin specific epithet fistulosa means hollow like a pipe. Monarda fistulosa ranges from Quebec to the Northwest Territories and British Columbia, south to Georgia, Texas, Arizona, Idaho, and northeastern Washington. The plants generally flower from June to September. Wild bergamot often grows in rich soils in dry fields, thickets, and clearings, usually on limy soil. Each cluster is about 1.5 in (3.8 cm) long, containing about 20–50 flowers. ![]() Its compact flower clusters are solitary at the ends of branches. ![]() Its leaves are 2–3 in (5.1–7.6 cm) long, lance-shaped, and toothed. The plants are typically up to 3 ft (0.91 m) tall, with a few erect branches. Monarda fistulosa is an herbaceous perennial that grows from slender creeping rhizomes, thus commonly occurring in large clumps. The species is quite variable, and several subspecies or varieties have been recognized within it. This plant, with showy summer-blooming pink to lavender flowers, is often used as a honey plant, medicinal plant, and garden ornamental. ![]() Monarda fistulosa, the wild bergamot or bee balm, is a wildflower in the mint family Lamiaceae, widespread and abundant as a native plant in much of North America.
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